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br Materials and methods Rat forebrains
2022-03-12
Materials and methods Rat forebrains were obtained from Sprague–Dawley rats at 2, 7, 14, 21, and 30–35 postnatal days and were homogenized in 1:5 volumes (w/v) of 0.32 M sucrose containing 1 mM EGTA, 1 mM EDTA, 1 μg/ml TPCK, 50 μM leupeptin, and 3 μM antipain with 10 strokes in a glass-teflon hom
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In addition this study also showed no obvious increase
2022-03-12
In addition, this study also showed no obvious increase in apoptosis but obvious increase in necrosis after WZB117 treatment. The possible reason is that apoptosis is an ATP-utilizing process which is an active and programmed form of cell death. In contrast, necrosis is an uncontrolled or pathologic
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After the origin of the
2022-03-12
After the origin of the family of genes for receptors for peptides similar to glucagon, the genes have not remained static. Not only have their sequences evolved, but also like peptides similar to glucagon (Irwin, 2001, Irwin, 2009, Irwin, 2012, Ng et al., 2010, Hwang et al., 2013), the numbers of g
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In mammals the primary cilium is considered a hub for
2022-03-12
In mammals, the primary cilium is considered a hub for signal transduction. The cilium has previous been associated with transduction of several pathways including Wnt (Corbit et al., 2008, McDermott et al., 2010, Tran et al., 2014), PDGF (Clement et al., 2013, Schneider et al., 2010, Schneider et a
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Recently unimolecular multi functional peptides
2022-03-12
Recently, unimolecular, multi-functional peptides that combine GLP-1RA activity with Bisindolylmaleimide VIII acetate mg and/or GIP activity have been suggested as new therapeutic agents for glycaemic and weight control. In rodents, dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonists achieve significantly better g
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The effect of GC on Fgf was not directly dependent
2022-03-12
The effect of GC on Fgf21 was not directly dependent on ileal Fgf15 because basal Fgf21 Cell Counting Kit-8 was similar in Fgf15+/+ and Fgf15−/− mice. Moreover, GC treatment induced similar Fgf21 up-regulation in both strains. Fxr activation has been reported to increase Fgf21 expression and secret
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The inhibitory activities of the compounds with the modifica
2022-03-12
The inhibitory activities of the compounds with the modification of the amino group against human liver FBPase are summarized in . Replacement of the amino group of with hydrophobic substituent such as a methyl group () led to a substantial loss of activity (IC=995nM). Similarly, replacement with h
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SB 415286 Finally the optimized leads and were tested in
2022-03-12
Finally, the optimized leads (−)- and (−)- were tested in rat model of CIPN (3 and 30 mg/kg, po, qd, administered for 7 days) and the results have been shown in . Under acute set up, after single oral administration at 30 mg/kg, both the compounds exerted significant improvement of the NP condition
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The inhibitory activities against HDAC
2022-03-11
The inhibitory activities against HDAC1 and HDAC6 of title compounds were evaluated in a fluorescent assay using SAHA and ACY-1215 as positive control. The results were displayed in A. Compounds – with linker containing 5–7 carbons showed good inhibitory activities against HDAC6. They also displayed
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The selection of mutations in vivo with antivirals
2022-03-11
The selection of mutations in vivo with antivirals is a complex process involving, among other things, the frequency of a given mutation prior to treatment, the effect of that mutation on viral protein function, and the interplay of a given mutation pattern with host immune mechanisms. Investigation
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Compared to methadone or morphine buprenorphine
2022-03-11
Compared to methadone or morphine, buprenorphine is a partial mu-opioid agonist, which shows high affinity for, and slow dissociation from, mu-opioid receptors. This maintenance of homeostasis may help to counter the development of an overt withdrawal syndrome, and may explain the lower risk of deve
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Generally speaking the regulation of GnIH on
2022-03-11
Generally speaking, the regulation of GnIH on gonadotropins synthesis and release, although controversial, could be direct and/or indirect via GnRH, among others peptides. In this sense, different scenarios have been reported in vertebrates. In mammalian and avian species, GnIH fibers reach the medi
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In this study we provide biochemical
2022-03-11
In this study we provide biochemical and immunohistochemical evidence for the localization of the glycine transporter GLYT1 in synaptic vesicles. Previously, it was thought that GLYT1 was exclusively a glial protein (Zafra et al., 1995a). However, due to a partial discrepancy between mRNA and protei
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Functional studies based on patch clamp electrophysiology pr
2022-03-11
Functional studies based on patch-clamp electrophysiology provide additional information on the active state of GlyR α1. Current-voltage measurements from single Progesterone australia in outside-out patches at symmetric 145-mM chloride concentration yielded a unitary conductance of 86 pS for the m
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br Ligand binding free energies In order to
2022-03-11
Ligand-binding free energies In order to compute the absolute free BRD-K4477 associated with binding a ligand to a flexible iGluR LBD, a theory that accounts for all the principal thermodynamic contributions from ligand docking and LBD closure had to be developed. This was accomplished using an
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